General Bonsai Care Guide
Caring for a bonsai is both an art and a practice. While each species has its own needs, there are core principles that apply to most bonsai trees. This general bonsai care guide will help you understand how to keep your tree healthy, balanced, and thriving over time.
1. Light
Most bonsai trees need plenty of natural light. Place your bonsai where it receives bright, indirect sunlight for several hours a day. Outdoor species such as juniper, pine, and most maples do best outside year-round. Indoor bonsai (commonly tropical varieties like ficus or schefflera) should be near a window with strong light. If natural light is limited, consider a grow light with a full spectrum bulb.
2. Watering
Proper watering is one of the most important aspects of general bonsai care. Rather than watering on a schedule, check the soil daily. Water thoroughly when the top layer of soil feels slightly dry—never let the soil fully dry out. Slowly water until it drains from the bottom of the pot. Avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot.
3. Soil & Drainage
Bonsai soil should allow both water retention and airflow. A proper bonsai mix usually includes akadama, pumice, and lava rock or other granular materials. Good drainage is essential for healthy roots.
4. Pruning & Shaping
Pruning maintains the tree’s size and encourages branching. Structural pruning is done seasonally, while light trimming can be done more regularly. Wiring is used to shape branches and guide growth, but it must be checked routinely to avoid scarring.
5. Feeding
Because bonsai live in small containers, they need regular feeding. Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer during the growing season and adjust depending on the species and time of year.
Caring for a bonsai combines patience, observation, and creativity. With consistent attention, your bonsai will grow into a living work of art, evolving alongside you.